Thus, wave scattering or redirection functions can be attained. Or destructive–is controlled by the applied phase shifts. Rays can be considered co-directional, and their superposition–constructive Tiles (and also phased arrays or intelligent surfaces) employ modifiable This layer comprises the supported EMįunction of the tile, and its principle of operation. The EM compiler translates theĪPI callbacks to corresponding active element states.ĮM behavior Layer.
That comes with a software programming interface ( API) andįor getting the HyperSurface state and setting its EM function, whileĪbstracting the underlying physics. HyperSurfaces are a novel class of networked metasurfaces Thus, highly efficient EM functions even in the near field can beĪttained. Over them, thereby producing any EM output due to the Huygens principle. This density allows them to form any surface current distribution Of a planar antenna and active elements). Times higher density of meta-atoms (i.e, the repeating unit Metasurfaces are similar structures, but with a 25 − 100 +
Consistent wave steering and absorption is attained at the farįield. At each patch, active elements suchĪs PIN diodes are used for altering the phase of the reflected EM
Panels commonly comprising a number of patch antennas with half-wavelength Phased antennaĪrrays–also known as intelligent surfaces and reflectarrays –are The input wave in a partially customizable manner. Īt each pair, one out of the N outputs can be selected, thereby redirecting That can be placed over walls at regular intervals. Relays are 1 input- N output antenna pairs Each technologyĬomes with a range of supported functions, environmental applicabilityĪnd efficiency degrees. † †This work is part of project VISORSURF: A HyperVisor for Metasurface Functionalities (Funded by the European Union Horizon 2020, under the Future Emerging Technologies - Research and Innovation Actions call (Grant Agreement EU 736876).Įvaluated coating technologies for PWEs include relays, phased antennaĪrrays, and metasurfaces. The present work builds upon these physical-layer works, and proposesĪ solution to the network-layer PWE configuration problem, i.e., whichįunctions to deploy at the PWE coatings to serve a set of given userĬommunication objectives.
The capabilities of several coating technologies have been demonstrated. Examples include altering the wave’s direction, Impinging waves and actively modify them by applying an electromagnetic In a floorplan–receive a special coating that can sense The wireless propagation within a space, introducing programmableĪccording to the PWE paradigm, planar objects–such as walls Recent years have seen the rise of efforts to control Reaching important insights on the user capacity of programmable environments. Performance gains over regular propagation are highlighted,
In a specially developed, free simulation tool, and in a variety ofĮnvironments. Separates physical and networking concerns. Is proposed, which incorporates core physical observations and efficiently Additionally, a graph-based model of programmable environments Supported objectives includeĪny combination of Quality of Service and power transfer optimization,Įavesdropping and Doppler effect mitigation, in multi-cast or uni-cast Scheme to configure such environments for multiple users and objectives,Īnd for any physical-layer technology. The present work contributes a network-layer Several building-block technologies have been implemented and evaluatedĪt the physical layer. Of waves within them, yielding exceptional performance potential. Programmable wireless environments enable the software-defined propagation